Aortic valve repair for active infective endocarditis.

Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2009;30:2369–413. [4] Grinda JM, Mainardi JL, D’Attellis N, Bricourt MO, Berrebi A, Fabiani JN et al. Cryopreserved aortic viable homograft for active aortic endocarditis. Ann Thorac Surg 2005;79:767–71. [5] Schafers HJ, Bierbach B, Aicher D. A new approach to the assessment of aortic cusp geometry. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;132:436–8. [6] Aicher D, Langer F, Adam O, Tscholl D, Lausberg H, Schäfers H-J. Cusp repair in aortic valve reconstruction: does the technique affect stability? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;134:1533–8; discussion 1538–9. [7] Vahanian A, Baumgartner H, Bax J, Butchart E, Dion R, Filippatos G et al. Guidelines on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2007;28:230–68. [8] Hammermeister K, Sethi GK, Henderson WG, Grover FL, Oprian C, Rahimtoola SH. Outcomes 15 years after valve replacement with a mechanical versus a bioprosthetic valve: final report of the Veterans Affairs Randomized Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:1152–8. [9] Badiu CC, Bleiziffer S, Eichinger WB, Hettich I, Krane M, Bauernschmitt R et al. Long-term performance of the Hancock bioprosthetic valved conduit in the aortic root position. J Heart Valve Dis 2011;20:191–8. [10] Gaudino M, De Filippo C, Pennestri F, Possati G. The use of mechanical prostheses in native aortic valve endocarditis. J Heart Valve Dis 1997;6:79–83. [11] Klieverik LM, Yacoub MH, Edwards S, Bekkers JA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Kappetein AP et al. Surgical treatment of active native aortic valve endocarditis with allografts and mechanical prostheses. Ann Thorac Surg 2009;88:1814–21. [12] Joyce F, Tingleff J, Aagaard J, Pettersson G. The Ross operation in the treatment of native and prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis. J Heart Valve Dis 1994;3:371–6. [13] Lupinetti FM, Lemmer JH Jr. Comparison of allografts and prosthetic valves when used for emergency aortic valve replacement for active infective endocarditis. Am J Cardiol 1991;68:637–41. [14] Tornos P, Iung B, Permanyer-Miralda G, Baron G, Delahaye F, Gohlke-Bärwolf Ch et al. Infective endocarditis in Europe: lessons from the Euro heart survey. Heart 2005;91:571–5. [15] Jung SH, Je HG, Choo SJ, Song H, Chung CH, Lee JW. Surgical results of active infective native mitral valve endocarditis: repair versus replacement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011;40:834–9. [16] Muehrcke DD, Cosgrove DM III, Lytle BW, Taylor PC, Burgar AM, Durnwald CP et al. Is there an advantage to repairing infected mitral valves? Ann Thorac Surg 1997;63:1718–24. [17] Sternik L, Zehr KJ, Orszulak TA, Mullany CJ, Daly RC, Schaff HV. The advantage of repair of mitral valve in acute endocarditis. J Heart Valve Dis 2002;11:91–7. ; discussion 97–8. [18] Lansac E, Di Centa I, Sleilaty G, Bouchot O, Arnaud Crozat E, Blin D et al. An aortic ring to standardise aortic valve repair: preliminary results of a prospective multicentric cohort of 144 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2010;38:147–54. [19] Lausberg HF, Aicher D, Langer F, Schäfers H-J. Aortic valve repair with autologous pericardial patch. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006;30:244–9. [20] American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Kanu C, de Leon AC Jr, Faxon DP, Freed MD et al. ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Valvular Heart Disease): developed in collaboration with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation 2006; 114:e84–231. [21] Schäfers H-J, Aicher D, Langer F, Lausberg HF. Preservation of the bicuspid aortic valve. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;83:S740–5; discussion S785–90.